India is a land of colours and contrasts, filled with unexpected adventures, rich traditions, and diverse landscapes. Each new experience, however, is related to transportation. After all, India is an enormous country with cities home to millions of people, so manoeuvring through Indian roads can be an adventure in itself.
Navigating the roads is not just about getting from one place to another but it is also an experience shaped by the rhythm of the streets and the diverse culture.
What is so specific about traffic in India?
One of the first things that immediately stands out when you step on the streets of India is the constant honking. While in Europe it is seen as a sign of aggression, in India it serves as a communication tool. Drivers honk to signal their presence, notify others when overtaking, or simply navigate the traffic more effectively.
Another key aspect is that road lanes are often ignored, as street markings are frequently missing. Vehicles — including cars, bikes, scooters, auto-rickshaws (tuk-tuks), and occasionally cows or pedestrians — often weave in and out of traffic.
Interestingly, many people cover their faces with scarves or other types of fabrics when riding scooters or motorcycles. Major cities have high levels of air pollution and dust and a scarf can help filter dust and harmful particles. There are also other advantages such as shielding from the sun and preventing dryness of the skin.
What are the local traffic rules?
Firstly, it is essential to know that traffic in India moves on the left side of the road. This is important for pedestrians visiting from countries where traffic usually flows on the right.
Crosswalks exist, but vehicles often do not stop for pedestrians. Instead of waiting for cars to slow down, locals advise simply to start crossing the street while making a hand gesture to indicate that you expect vehicles to stop. Surprisingly, this works quite well, as drivers anticipate pedestrian movement and adjust very quickly.
Helmets and seat belts are mandatory but not always enforced. One can often see more than two people on a scooter and sometimes even whole families.
How to go places as a tourist?
Ride-hailing apps such as Uber
Uber is generally safe and convenient, with prices lower than in many Western countries. However, it is important to always double-check the route as some drivers may attempt to take longer routes or take you to a farther destination and ask for extra payment to take you to your originally intended location. If possible, opt for Uber Premium which offers more comfort and reliability, and the price difference is small.
Auto-rickshaws (tuk-tuks)
These three-wheeled little vehicles are an inseparable part of Indian culture and transport experience. Even though they are government-regulated and have meters, the meters often don’t work, and the price is often negotiable. They are quite convenient because of their size, as skilled drivers can squeeze them through narrow spots or navigate the constant flow of traffic.
Hiring a private driver
India is too big to move on foot. Therefore, traveling by vehicle is essential. If you know a local who can recommend a driver, this will make your experience much smoother and more stress-free, allowing you to explore multiple locations. Prices are also quite reasonable, and the experience is likely to be much calmer.
Public transport
Buses and metros operate in major cities such as Bangalore, Mumbai, and New Delhi. Chennai’s metro is also nearing completion, which should help reduce surface traffic and improve mobility. While buses can often be overcrowded and hot, the metro system, according to locals, is a reliable mode of transport.
The tuk-tuk experience
Taking a tuk-tuk as a tourist is definitely a must. They are one of the most affordable and convenient ways to travel short distances in India. Surprisingly, a tuk-tuk can hold up to 5 people although this is not recommended. Interestingly, the name “tuk-tuk” comes from the sound that the three-wheeled rickshaws make while driving. The engine produces a repetitive “tuk-tuk-tuk” noise, which is the source of the nickname.
Tuk-tuks are ideal for short distances and perfect for navigating narrow streets and busy markets. They are also a great option for reaching places where cars can’t fit. However, one downside in larger cities is that tuk-tuks are open vehicles, leaving drivers and passengers exposed to pollution and noise.
