Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan’s landlocked exclave, is a region of rich culture, abundant nature, and vibrant cuisine. Having the chance to explore every corner allows travellers to discover not only the visible, but also to delve into the historical background of the Autonomous Republic. Nakhchivan’s unearthly beauty stands out during sightseeing, offering not just remarkable views but also telling stories of the past. Nakhchivan isn’t merely a place to visit; instead, it is a location with deeply rooted traditions, layered history, and a strong sense of identity.
Here is a visual guide to some of the most iconic spots in the Autonomous Republic to snap unique Instagram photos.
1. Lake Göygöl
Nestled on a mountain near the border with Armenia, situated on the western slope of Gamigaya Peak at an altitude of 3,065 meters above sea level, Göygöl (Blue Lake) is one of the places to snap stunning photos. Once there, visitors can easily lose track of time, feeling as if they were in a fairy tale. Surrounded by blooming flowers and lush greenery while snow hasn’t fully melted on the other side of the lake, one can certainly forget about time and space, fully savouring the magnificent view and taking in the surroundings. This unique natural phenomenon enhances the lake’s allure and contributes to its status as one of the many ecological gems of the country.
Göygöl is a high-mountain freshwater lake of glacial origins, which has a unique water temperature dynamic. The water is, in fact, cooler at the shore than in the centre – a result of intensive underground springs and the presence of snow along its shoreline. Interestingly, the water is so clear the visibility reaches a depth of 3 metres.
2. Heydar Mosque
Designed in a modern architectural style, Heydar Mosque is another place to explore, while tapping into local religion and traditions. The mosque’s interior is adorned in a harmonious palette of white, yellow, and turquoise, creating a visual balance that evokes both the earthly and the divine. Each pillar showcases exquisite artisanal patterns, inviting visitors to pause and appreciate the intricate craftsmanship that elevates this structure from mere architecture to a true work of art.
Encircled by a newly planted garden, the mosque offers a tranquil oasis amid its desert-like surroundings—a peaceful retreat where silence and design speak volumes. Named in honour of former President Heydar Aliyev, the mosque is further embellished with delicate floral motifs that echo both reverence and renewal.
3. Alinja Castle
Perched on top of a mountain, Alinja Castle is the Caucasus version of Machu Picchu. The landmark is located in the Julfa region, one of the seven administrative districts of Nakhchivan. Reaching the castle is a 1,500-step climb until being on top, which reveals a breathtaking view of the landscape and nearby populated places. Once there, mesmerized by the scenic panorama, make sure to not only take photos but also explore other parts of the fortress, as there are multiple places with different views and angles to explore.
While the site is actually a recent reconstruction of the former fortress used by Nakhchivan’s various ruling dynasties in the Middle Ages, the jaw-dropping views from the top make it an inseparable part of every tourist’s bucket list.
4. Saat Meydani Hotel
The yard of Saat Meydani Hotel is a vibrant place to relax, especially at dusk and night when stars adorn the sky, and strings of lights twinkle overhead. Whoever fancies this can have dinner at one of the restaurants or a drink at the outside bar. With its traditional architectural design and the dim lights add, the hotel introduces another layer of romanticism, particularly at night when life starts to buzz. The name “Saat Meydani” (Clock Square) is also no coincidence, as part of the hotel building is a beautiful clock tower, allowing tourists and visitors to explore more of the local architecture.
5. Batabat
Lake Batabat and its surroundings are a serene escape from the city, especially for someone coming from the hustle and bustle of the capital, Baku. Located in the mountains of Shahbuz District, close to the border with Armenia, the area is known for its natural cold springs and lush nature. Just 65 kilometres away from the city of Nakhchivan, the Batabat area offers great spots for picnics and spending the day in nature. The area is famous for a lake where a floating peat island drifts across. The place is perfect for anyone who loves wild nature, as the area is covered with blooming wildflowers and herbs. Additionally, tourists can also stop by the local honey sellers, taste the local produce, and buy locally-produced eco honey.
6. Ilandag Mountain aka Snake Mountain
Ilandag Mountain is one of the most iconic spots in Nakhchivan, also being the symbol of the region. According to locals, it can be seen from every part of the Autonomous Republic, allowing everyone to have the opportunity to admire its beauty. The name Ilandag is derived from two words – snake and mountain in Azerbaijani, inspired by ancient stories of snakes once populating the area. Interestingly, no snakes are found there today.
Situated in the Julfa District, the mountain rises to 2415 metres above sea level and is an important ecological area for birdwatchers with sightings of rare vultures and larks. What’s more, Ilandag is a volcanic mountain primarily made of andesite and dacite (lava rocks), with steep rocky slopes and drought-resistant plants.
Besides its beauty, the mountain is surrounded by mysticism and legends, looming around telling Biblical stories. Adrenaline lovers have the opportunity to climb Ilandag Mountain, which is a nine-hour return hike.
7. Ashabi Kahf Cave aka Seven Sleepers’ Cave
Not far from the Julfa regions, the Ashabi-Kahf cave is another place in Nakhchivan drenched in legends and mysteries. Known as one of Azerbaijan’s most cherished pilgrimage sites, the cave offers a serene natural sanctuary for its visitors. The cave holds significant importance in the Islamic religion because it is associated with the Quran. In chapter 18 of Islam’s holy book, a group of young believers in Allah sought refuge in the cave and slept there for more than 300 years. Nowadays, according to rumours and legends, visitors can still make out faint shapes said to be the sleeping figures.
Upon arrival, a peaceful setting unfolds, framed by rocky mountains and vibrant greenery. Getting to the cave requires a scenic climb that offers a stunning view of Nakhchivan’s natural beauty. The well-maintained path makes it easy for everyone to access, no matter their age.
8. Geysariyye monument
The Geysariyye monument is a 17th-century bazaar that has now transformed into a historical museum, with various objects from Nakhchivan’s history on display, each telling its own story. Located in the city of Ordubad, the Geysariyye is a building beautifully adorned with beautiful blue and floral pattern tiles.
Once inside, visitors have the opportunity to travel back in time and experience local culture from up-close while marvelling at skilfully crafted artifacts of everyday life. In addition, the beautifully decorated windows add another layer of splendour to take in, inviting guests to be captivated by the vibrant interplay of light and colour, filling the museum’s interior.
9. Yusif ibn Kuseyir Mausoleum
The mausoleum of Yusif ibn Kuseyr, built in the 1160s, is a small octagonal building from baked bricks and finished with a pyramid-like roof. Each side of the mausoleum showcases a distinct geometric pattern, featuring triangular, hexagonal, and rhomboid blocks that are meticulously integrated into the foundation.
It is worth noting that this site, along with the Momine Khatun Mausoleum, also located in Nakhchivan, was added to UNESCO’s Tentative List of World Heritage Sites in 1998 by Gulnara Mehmandarova, president of the Azerbaijan Committee of ICOMOS – International Council of Monuments and Sites.
10. Khan’s Palace
Nakhchivan Khan’s Palace stands out as an architectural marvel, captivating visitors with its beauty, while also serving as a testament to the region’s khanate era. History enthusiasts simply have to visit this place due to its stunning Oriental design.
Between the mid-18th and early 20th century, the building was the residence of the rulers of the Nakhchivan Khanate, one of many small independent statelets to appear in the Caucasus and Iran following the death of Nadir Shah in 1747. The palace, with its three richly decorated floors and “shebeke” stained-glass windows, transitioned from a carpet museum to a dedicated museum of Azerbaijani history in 2010, focusing on that intriguing period.
